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  JSON in JavaScript

When sending an AJAX request to the server, the response can have two formats : XMLHttpRequest.responseXML to access data with XML format and XMLHttpRequest.responseText to access data with string format. XML is the standard data transfer format, but one weakness is it's troublesome to parse and retrieve the data. JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) is a light weight data interchange format, we call it the JavaScript object representation. The advantage of using JSON as the data format is itself is...

   JSON,JavaScript     2013-05-04 23:25:57

  Crash your Chrome with %%30%30

Have you ever wondered a simple string can crash one of the most sophisticated designed web browsers -- Chrome? There is a finding from Andris Atteka who found that a null string "%%30%30" appended to an URL can crash Chrome. For example, if you have below URL in your browser address bar or you mouse over below URL, Chrome will crash: http://www.pixelstech.net/%%30%30 When the browser crashed, it may show : Or on Windows, you will see : This bug has been reported to Google at Is...

   CRASH,SECURITY,CHROME,GOOGLE     2015-09-20 08:24:16

  Calculating Token Count for Claude API Using Go: A Step-by-Step Guide

When working with large language models like Claude from Anthropic, understanding how many tokens your input consumes is essential for managing costs and optimizing performance. In this blog, we’ll explore how to calculate token counts for a given input using Go. We’ll use Anthropic’s count_tokens API endpoint, which provides a straightforward way to determine token usage. Prerequisites Before diving in, ensure you have: A working Go environment (installation guide). An Anthro...

   CLAUDE,GO,GOLANG,TOKEN CALCULATION,GUIDE,EXAMPLE     2024-12-23 22:25:29

  What is the use of empty struct in GoLang

In Go, an empty struct struct{} is a struct with no fields that may appear to be of little use, but in reality, it can be useful in certain situations and become a simple and efficient solution in code. As a semaphore or lock Because the empty struct has no fields, it can be conveniently used to implement some concurrency control functions, such as mutex locks, read-write locks. We can use chan struct{} to implement an unbuffered channel for controlling concurrent access. package main import ( ...

   GOLANG,EMPTY STRUCT     2024-04-05 23:54:03

  Read white space with scanf()

Usually, when we want to enter string with white spaces in C, we need to call gets() or fgets(0 method. We usually will not use scanf(0 or fscanf() because they cannot accept white spaces when scan user inputs.   But when we specify the format in scanf() function, we may read strings with white space. the code section below illustrate this: #include <stdio.h>   int main(int argc,char **argv){        char name[30];      fprintf(stdout,"Please en...

   C,scanf,white space, string format     2011-09-26 11:45:43

  Why can System.out.println be used to exit while loop

Let's first take a look at one simple Java thread code snippet which is supposed to exit the while loop after the first loop run. public class StopThread { private static boolean stopRequested; public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Thread backgroundThread = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { int i = 0; while (!stopRequested) { i++; } } }); backgroundThread.start(); TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); stopRequested = true; } } But the tr...

   JAVA,THREAD,VOLATILE     2018-12-21 19:25:54

  Why exception would be thrown when deleting element while looping through HashMap in Java

HashMap and other Collection types are frequently used in Java application programming. This post will explain why exception would be thrown when deleting element with Map.remove() while looping through a Map using Iterator. This issue would also occur to other Collection types such as Set, List. Below is a sample code snippet demonstrating the exception thrown. Map<String,String> map = Collections.synchronizedMap(new TreeMap<String,String>()); map.put("key1","value1"); map.put("ke...

   JAVA,HASHMAP,CONCURRENTMODIFICATIONEXCEPTION     2018-06-30 12:49:09

  Stream API in Java 8

Overview In this lesson on Stream API in Java, we will study how we can put Streams to use to write efficient and much more maintainable code. We will also write code with and without Streams so that we are able to compare the two versions. Before doing all this, we must know how to create a Stream and process it and that is what we will get started with. Introduction to Streams We will be starting with creating Streams. Let us get started with the Stream<T> API which enables us to play w...

   STREAM API,JAVA 8,DEVELOPMENT,TEAM     2018-01-30 00:14:46

  Generate certificate in Java -- Store certificate in KeyStore

In previous post, we have explained how to create a certificate chain in Java. After generating the chain, we need to store it somewhere so that it can be used later when we are doing the actual SSL communication, either in a key store or trust store. This post will show you how to store the private key and its associated certificate chain in a keystore file. There are different types of keystore in Java, in this post, we will choose the JKS to demonstrate how to store the certificate chain. Whe...

   Java,Certificate chain,Keystore     2014-08-20 03:56:39

  PHP to output string to client terminal

It is a common task to echo messages to the user using PHP. There are lots of ways where the message can be echoed to the client terminal(browser or console window) through PHP. These includes some well know debug methods like var_dump() and var_export() etc. In this post, we will show you some other methods shared by Laruence, one of the core members of PHP development team. 1. echo First comes with the most common one : echo. $str = "Hello PHP\n"; echo $str; 2. print Then comes another c...

   TRICKS,DEBUG,OUTPUT,PHP     2015-10-01 03:16:56

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