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  Stub Mixlib::ShellOut and shell_out in Ruby unit testing

Unit testing is part of software development to ensure the tiny component of a function can work as designed. Different frameworks and tools can be used to run unit testing for different programming languages. In Ruby, one popular unit testing framework is Rspec, or Chefspec if you are writing Chef recipes. While writing Chef recipes, some low level commands(DOS commands or shell commands) need to be executed on the managed resource to perform actions or gather information. For example, lis...

   RUBY,UNIT TESTING,RSPEC,CHEFSPEC,SHELL_OUT     2016-11-11 00:14:46

  A simple tutorial on GoLang connecting to Clickhouse

Go, also known as Golang, is a statically-typed, concurrent programming language created by Google. ClickHouse is a high-performance, column-oriented database management system that can be used for real-time data analysis. This tutorial will provide a deep dive into how to connect to ClickHouse from a Go program, including how to perform common database operations such as SELECT and INSERT statements. Before proceeding, it is assumed that you already have Go and ClickHouse installed on your mach...

   GOLANG,CLICKHOUSE,TUTORIAL     2023-02-11 07:05:36

  Service discovery with etcd

In previous post, we have talked about etcd and its usage. This post we will cover how to implement server discovery with etcd. Service discovery is to solve one of the most commonly seen scenarios in distributed system where how to find the corresponding target service to talk to. In short, it is to find some server which one can talk to based on some service name. A complete service discovery system include below three key functions: Service registration: A service must register itself to so...

   ETCD,SERVICE DISCOVERY,DEMO,TUTORIAL     2021-03-08 05:36:29

  How to do pprof for gRPC service

gRPC is a RPC framework based on HTTP and is frequently used for communications among micro service inside the same organization network. However,  the service functions cannot be accessed via normal HTTP URL as it's not a WEB framework. In this case, how to do pprof on a gRPC service? The trick is starting a HTTP server asynchronously while starting the gRPC service. This HTTP server can be accessed to run prrof debug. go func(){ http.ListenAndServe(":10001", nil) }() Since it uses the de...

   GOLANG,PPROF,GRPC     2021-01-29 23:11:33

  Calculating Token Count for Claude API Using Go: A Step-by-Step Guide

When working with large language models like Claude from Anthropic, understanding how many tokens your input consumes is essential for managing costs and optimizing performance. In this blog, we’ll explore how to calculate token counts for a given input using Go. We’ll use Anthropic’s count_tokens API endpoint, which provides a straightforward way to determine token usage. Prerequisites Before diving in, ensure you have: A working Go environment (installation guide). An Anthro...

   CLAUDE,GO,GOLANG,TOKEN CALCULATION,GUIDE,EXAMPLE     2024-12-23 22:25:29

  Introduction to GoLang generics and advanced usage

Generics in Go allow you to write code that can work with multiple types of data, without having to write separate versions of the code for each type. This can make your code more flexible and easier to maintain, as you only need to write and test the code once, rather than maintaining multiple versions. To use generics in Go, you first need to define a type parameter, which is a placeholder for the type that the code will work with. For example, you might define a type parameter called "T" like...

   GOLANG,GENERICS     2022-12-17 05:12:21

  Why init() is not recommended in Go

golangci lint Currently, the unified CI's .golangci.yml includes the gochecknoinits checker: # golangci-lint v1.46.2 # https://golangci-lint.run/usage/linters linters: disable-all: true enable: ... - gochecknoinits # Checks that no init functions are present in Go code. ref: https://github.com/leighmcculloch/gochecknoinits ... If Go code uses the init() function, the following error will occur: # golangci-lint run foo/foo.go:3:1: don't use `init` function (gochecknoinits) func i...

   GOLANG,INIT(),SYNC.ONCE,PANIC     2024-05-10 07:46:18

  How to check which Ohai plugin hangs in chef client run

Ohai plugins are very important components in chef client which aims to provide resource management automation on a server. The data discovered by Ohai plugins are describing the current state of the server and they will be used to maintain the server in a desired state. Each Ohai plugin discovers a specific pierce of information about the server such as cpu, memory, middleware etc. However, there are rare occasions(well I am a bit optimistic here) someone may find that the chef client...

   HOW TO,CHEF-CLIENT,OHAI,UPTIME,HANG     2017-12-24 22:09:59

  Connect to SQLite using Go on Windows

In software development, it's often necessary to test and validate logic using a lightweight and easily manageable database system. SQLite, with its minimal setup and zero configuration requirements, is an excellent choice for such scenarios. Leveraging the simplicity and efficiency of SQLite for testing purposes can significantly streamline the development process. In this guide, we'll explore how to seamlessly connect to SQLite using Go on Windows, empowering developers to efficiently test the...

   WINDOWS,TUTORIAL,GOLANG,SQLITE3     2024-02-11 20:58:12

  Some tricks and tips for using for range in GoLang

GoLang provides two major ways to loop through elements of array, slice and map. They are for and for range. Many people find that for range is very convenient when don't care about the index of the element. In this post, some tricks and tips would be talked about regarding for range. 1. Loop and get pointer of each element Assume there is a code snippet like below which is to get the pointer of each element in an array and create a new array with the corresponding pointer. arr := [2]int{1, 2} r...

   POINTER,FOR LOOP,GOLANG,FOR RANGE     2020-03-08 01:07:00

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